EU climate governance has made significant progress over the past years, including an acceleration under the European Commission’s European Green Deal launched in 2019. Nevertheless, the European Union still has a long way to go to realise the climate and sustainability transition, which will require perseverance and a steadily evolving policy framework for more than a generation. I here identify and discuss seven momentous challenges for contemporary EU policy on the way to the climate and sustainability transition. They indicate the depth of change still required and the long-term nature of the governance task.
